Here's why:
* Giving Full Credit: In-text citations (with quotation marks for direct quotes) show the reader *where* the information came from. The full reference at the end provides *who* the source is, allowing readers to find the original work for further investigation.
* Avoiding Plagiarism: Using quotation marks and citations alone isn't enough to avoid plagiarism. The full reference provides the complete bibliographic information needed to verify the source and ensure you're not claiming someone else's work as your own.
* Following Academic Standards: Most academic writing styles (MLA, APA, Chicago) require both in-text citations *and* a full reference list at the end of the paper.
Example:
* In-text citation: "The American Dream is 'a concept of the United States in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success, achieved through hard work in a society with few barriers.'" (Smith, 2023)
* Reference list: Smith, J. (2023). *The American Dream: An Evolving Concept*. Routledge.
In summary, think of in-text citations as signposts, and your reference list as the map. Both are necessary to guide your reader through your research and give credit to the sources you used.