- Titles of articles from journals, magazines, or newspapers: Titles of articles are considered short works and should be enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"The Influence of Social Media on Adolescent Development."
- Book chapters: If a specific chapter within a book is being cited, the chapter's title should be enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity." (In "Environmental Challenges of the 21st Century")
- Titles of conference papers or proceedings: Titles of conference papers or proceedings should be enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"Advancing Medical Research: Innovations and Challenges."
- Titles of dissertations or theses: The titles of dissertations or theses are also enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction in the Nonprofit Sector."
- Titles of unpublished works: Unpublished works such as manuscripts or research reports should have their titles enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"A Study on Sustainable Water Management Practices."
- Artwork, music, or multimedia titles: Titles of artwork, musical compositions, or multimedia works are also enclosed in quotation marks. For example:
"Mona Lisa" (painting by Leonardo da Vinci)
"Moonlight Sonata" (piano sonata by Ludwig van Beethoven)
"The Avengers" (film directed by Joss Whedon)
By placing quotation marks around these specific elements in a bibliography, it helps distinguish the titles of short works from the larger publications or collections they belong to.