1. The Garden of Eden: The novella frequently references the idyllic world of the "pearl-divers' paradise" where Kino and Juana initially live, reminiscent of the Garden of Eden. This idyllic existence is disrupted by the discovery of the pearl, much like the serpent tempting Eve in the Bible story. The pearl, representing wealth and temptation, ultimately leads to destruction and corruption.
2. The Bible: The text is full of biblical references and motifs, notably the story of Job. Kino, similar to Job, suffers great loss and hardship after finding the pearl, leading to questions about the nature of fate and the price of worldly desires. Additionally, the pearl itself is a symbol of temptation, much like the "forbidden fruit" in the Bible, leading to sin and consequence.
3. The Book of Revelation: The scene where the pearl buyers manipulate the price, along with the ensuing violence and destruction, can be seen as alluding to the apocalyptic imagery of the Book of Revelation. The pearl, initially symbolizing hope and salvation, becomes a catalyst for greed and bloodshed, mirroring the corruption and downfall depicted in the biblical text.
4. "The Pied Piper of Hamelin": This allusion is less direct, but present in the idea of the pearl as a "magical" object drawing people to Kino. It highlights the dangers of greed and blind following, mirroring the way the pied piper lures children away. The pearl, though a source of potential fortune, becomes a destructive force that isolates Kino and ultimately leads to his downfall.
These are just a few examples. Steinbeck masterfully weaves allusions throughout The Pearl, enriching the text with layers of meaning and provoking deeper reflections on human nature, greed, and the pursuit of dreams.