1. Skimming: Rapidly reading a text to get a general overview or identify key information. Goal: quick comprehension of main ideas.
2. Scanning: Reading quickly to locate specific information, such as a name, date, or fact. Goal: finding a particular piece of data.
3. Close Reading: Careful and detailed analysis of a text, paying attention to wording, structure, and implications. Goal: deep understanding and interpretation.
4. Extensive Reading: Reading large quantities of material for pleasure or general knowledge. Goal: fluency and enjoyment.
5. Intensive Reading: Reading a shorter text thoroughly and analytically, often for academic purposes. Goal: detailed comprehension and critical analysis.
6. Critical Reading: Reading with a questioning and evaluative mindset, considering the author's bias, evidence, and argument. Goal: forming your own informed opinion.
7. Previewing/Surveying: Looking over a text before reading it in detail, noting headings, subheadings, images, and summaries. Goal: understanding the text's structure and content before deep engagement.
8. Proofreading: Reading a text carefully to identify and correct errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Goal: accuracy and clarity.
9. Pleasure Reading: Reading for enjoyment and relaxation, often fiction or light non-fiction. Goal: entertainment and personal fulfillment.
10. Research Reading: Reading multiple sources to gather information on a specific topic. Goal: gathering evidence and forming a well-supported understanding of a subject.
These categories often overlap. For example, research reading might involve skimming, scanning, and critical reading. The best approach depends on the purpose and the type of text being read.