* Agrarian: Relating to land or its ownership. This is probably the closest related term in modern English.
* Agriculture: The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products. This is a more significant derivative formed from *ager* + *cultura* (cultivation).
While other words might contain elements related to *ager*, they wouldn't be considered direct derivatives of *agricola* itself. The word *agricola* is rather self-contained in its meaning and usage.