What consists of information that has already been researched by others and is published in journals or books made available on-line?

The information you are describing is called secondary research.

Here's a breakdown:

* Primary research involves collecting original data through experiments, surveys, interviews, etc. This is the first-hand, raw information.

* Secondary research analyzes and interprets information that has already been collected and published by others. This includes data found in:

* Journals (academic publications)

* Books

* Websites

* Reports

* Government documents

* News articles

* Databases

Essentially, secondary research relies on existing knowledge and provides a summary, analysis, or different perspective on existing research.

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