Father Miguel Bernard's provocative essay, "Philippine Literature Perpetually Inchoate," compels us to confront the complex and often frustrating state of Filipino literary expression. Bernard argues that Filipino literature remains "inchoate," or incomplete, due to various factors, including colonial influences, a lack of a strong literary tradition, and a struggle for national identity. This argument, while perhaps harsh, resonates with a deep truth about the current landscape of Filipino literature.
One of the most compelling aspects of Bernard's essay is his analysis of the impact of colonialism on Filipino literature. He argues that the "inchoate" nature of our literature stems from a constant struggle to reconcile traditional Filipino forms with the influence of Western literary traditions. While it is undeniable that Western literature has enriched and broadened the scope of Filipino expression, it has also, as Bernard suggests, created a sense of "cultural confusion" and hindered the development of a truly indigenous literary tradition.
The essay also sheds light on the crucial role of national identity in shaping literature. Bernard emphasizes the lack of a strong sense of national identity, especially in the early years of Philippine independence, as a contributing factor to the "inchoate" nature of our literature. This lack of identity, fuelled by a complex history of colonialism and societal divisions, resulted in a fragmented literary scene, lacking a cohesive sense of direction and purpose.
While Bernard's critique may seem pessimistic, it serves as a crucial call to action. His essay forces us to confront the challenges and obstacles that Filipino literature continues to face. However, it also offers a glimmer of hope by suggesting that the path towards a more mature and self-assured literary tradition lies in a deeper understanding of our history, our culture, and our identity.
The essay, however, could be strengthened by offering more concrete examples of how Filipino literature has grappled with these issues. While Bernard mentions some key figures, such as Jose Rizal and Francisco Balagtas, a more in-depth analysis of specific works and their engagement with themes of colonialism, national identity, and artistic expression could further solidify his arguments.
Ultimately, "Philippine Literature Perpetually Inchoate" is a thought-provoking essay that compels us to engage in a deeper dialogue about the state of our literature. While Bernard's critique may be harsh, it provides a crucial framework for understanding the challenges and possibilities that lie ahead for Filipino writers and readers alike. It reminds us that the journey towards a truly mature and authentic Filipino literary tradition is an ongoing one, requiring constant reflection, critique, and a commitment to forging a unique and powerful artistic voice.