1. Horatian satire: This type of satire is gentle and playful, aiming to correct folly through amusement and wit rather than harsh criticism. It often uses irony, humor, and gentle mockery to achieve its purpose. Think of it as a playful nudge rather than a sharp slap.
2. Juvenalian satire: This is a more biting and aggressive form of satire. It uses strong irony, sarcasm, and even indignation to attack vice and folly. It aims to provoke outrage and inspire change through its scathing critique. It's less about a lighthearted chuckle and more about a furious shake of the head.
3. Menippean satire: This type focuses on intellectual and philosophical targets, often through a dialogue or narrative that mocks ideas and beliefs rather than specific individuals. It uses wit, parody, and philosophical argumentation to expose flaws in thought.
4. Parody: While often considered a distinct genre, parody is also a form of satire. It imitates the style or manner of a specific work, person, or genre to expose its flaws or absurdity. It achieves its satirical effect through exaggerated mimicry.
It's important to note that these categories aren't always mutually exclusive; a single work of satire might incorporate elements of several types.