1. Phonemic Awareness:
* Identifying and manipulating sounds within words (e.g., isolating the initial sound in "cat," rhyming words, blending sounds to make a word).
* Essential for decoding words and understanding spoken language.
2. Phonics:
* Understanding the relationships between letters and sounds.
* Decoding words and spelling words correctly.
3. Fluency:
* Reading smoothly, accurately, and at an appropriate pace.
* Focus on comprehension and enjoyment, rather than decoding individual words.
4. Vocabulary:
* Understanding the meanings of words.
* Recognizing and using a wide range of vocabulary.
5. Comprehension:
* Understanding the meaning of what is read.
* Making inferences, drawing conclusions, and connecting to prior knowledge.
6. Text Structure:
* Understanding how texts are organized (e.g., narrative, expository, persuasive).
* Identifying key elements like main idea, supporting details, and text features.
7. Literary Analysis:
* Examining the elements of literature (e.g., plot, character, setting, theme, style).
* Interpreting and evaluating literary works.
8. Critical Reading:
* Evaluating the author's purpose, bias, and credibility.
* Forming your own interpretations and opinions.
These facets are interconnected and build on each other. A strong foundation in phonemic awareness and phonics is essential for developing reading fluency, which then supports vocabulary acquisition and comprehension. Literary analysis and critical reading skills build upon a strong understanding of text structure and comprehension.
It's important to note that this is just one possible framework for understanding the facets of reading. Other frameworks might focus on different aspects, such as reading motivation, reading strategies, or the social and cultural context of reading.