1. Phonological awareness:
The ability to identify and manipulate the sounds of spoken language, such as recognizing rhymes and isolating phonemes.
2. Phonics:
The ability to decode written words by associating them with their corresponding speech sounds.
3. Vocabulary:
The knowledge and understanding of words, including their meanings, spellings, and pronunciations.
4. Fluency:
The ability to read smoothly, accurately, and with good expression.
5. Comprehension:
The ability to understand and remember what is read, including main ideas, supporting details, and inferences.
6. Critical analysis:
The ability to evaluate and critique the information presented in the text, including questioning the author's purpose, biases, and evidence.