1. Social Status: The Ewells belong to the lowest social stratum in the town of Maycomb, Alabama, and are widely regarded as "trash" by the community. Their poverty and lack of education make it easier for them to escape legal consequences.
2. Legal System Bias: The legal system in Maycomb is biased towards the wealthy and influential. The Ewells may benefit from this bias, as they are often overlooked or given lenient treatment by the authorities due to their social standing.
3. Intimidation: Bob Ewell, the head of the family, is known for his aggressive and violent behavior. His reputation instills fear in others, preventing witnesses from coming forward or testifying against him.
4. Lack of Resources for Prosecution: Maycomb is a small town with limited law enforcement resources. The local sheriff, Heck Tate, is often reluctant to pursue cases against the Ewells due to the family's notoriety and the challenges of gathering evidence.
5. Support from Like-Minded Individuals: The Ewells have a network of friends and acquaintances who share their views and values, providing a support system that enables them to evade the law.
6. Fear of Retaliation: Members of the community fear retaliation from Bob Ewell if they involve themselves in any legal proceedings against him or his family.
7. Lack of Unity: The white community in Maycomb is divided, with different factions having conflicting interests and priorities. This division makes it difficult to take collective action against the Ewells.