1. "Phony-ism": This is the core of Holden's philosophy. He sees the world as populated by "phonies," people who are inauthentic, superficial, and conformist. He despises this behavior, believing it masks genuine human connection.
* Examples:
* His disgust at classmates who try to impress others.
* His disdain for the "phoniness" of adults and their social rituals.
* His longing for genuine relationships, unmarred by pretension.
2. "Alienation-ism": Holden feels deeply alienated from the world around him. He struggles to connect with others and feels like an outsider, constantly judging and criticizing those around him.
* Examples:
* His frequent loneliness and sense of isolation.
* His inability to form lasting friendships.
* His desire to be "the catcher in the rye," protecting innocent children from the corrupting world.
3. "Idealism-ism": Despite his cynicism, Holden clings to a romanticized view of childhood innocence and genuineness. He yearns for a world free from phoniness and believes children are the only ones who haven't been corrupted.
* Examples:
* His admiration for his younger sister, Phoebe, who represents innocence.
* His desire to protect children from the "phoniness" of the adult world.
* His longing for a simpler, more authentic time.
4. "Anti-Establishment-ism": Holden rebels against the established social structures and values. He rejects traditional education, societal expectations, and the superficiality of high society.
* Examples:
* His expulsion from numerous schools.
* His disdain for the "phony" world of adults and their social rituals.
* His desire to create his own path, free from societal pressures.
5. "Self-Destructive-ism": Holden's cynicism and alienation lead to self-destructive behavior. He engages in reckless acts, like drinking and running away, which ultimately reflect his inner turmoil and inability to cope with his feelings.
* Examples:
* His frequent lying and manipulation.
* His desire to escape reality and hide from his own problems.
* His eventual breakdown and hospitalization.
Holden's "isms" create a fascinating and relatable character, despite his flaws. He is a quintessential teenage voice, grappling with the anxieties, uncertainties, and social pressures of growing up. While his perspective can be cynical and judgmental, it also reflects a longing for authenticity and genuine connection, which resonates with many readers.