Here's a breakdown of why:
* Modernist: Lorca's play explores themes of social restrictions, gender inequality, and the stifling nature of tradition, all of which are hallmarks of Modernist literature. It breaks from traditional dramatic structures, using symbolism and poetic language to convey its message.
* Surrealist: The play's use of symbolism, vivid imagery, and dream-like sequences is distinctly Surrealist. Lorca utilizes exaggerated emotions, distorted reality, and illogical events to explore the psychological and emotional landscapes of the characters.
* Spanish Golden Age: The play borrows from the tragicomedy tradition of the Spanish Golden Age, particularly its focus on honor, family, and social hierarchy. Lorca reinterprets these traditional themes with a modern lens, highlighting their relevance to the social realities of his time.
While the play shares aspects with different literary movements, its strong focus on the individual's struggle against societal norms and its use of symbolism and poetic language make it primarily a Modernist and Surrealist work.