High testosterone levels aren't always a problem, as some men naturally have higher levels within the normal range. However, excessively high levels, often referred to as hyperandrogenism, can lead to various health issues depending on the cause and severity. These issues can manifest differently in men and women.
In men, high testosterone can sometimes contribute to:
* Enlarged prostate: Leading to urinary problems.
* Sleep apnea: Disrupted breathing during sleep.
* Increased risk of heart disease: Through various mechanisms.
* Aggressive behavior: Although the link is complex and not fully understood.
* Acne and oily skin: Due to increased sebum production.
* Hair loss: Particularly on the head, while potentially increasing body hair.
* Gynecomastia (in some cases): Enlargement of breast tissue.
In women, high testosterone (hyperandrogenism) can lead to:
* Hirsutism: Excessive hair growth on the face, chest, and back.
* Acne: Severe and persistent breakouts.
* Irregular periods or amenorrhea (absence of periods).
* Infertility: Due to disrupted ovulation.
* Baldness: Often a receding hairline.
* Weight gain: Often centered in the abdomen.
* Male-pattern baldness.
It's crucial to understand that high testosterone levels are a symptom, not a disease in itself. The underlying cause needs to be identified and addressed. Some potential causes include:
* Tumors: Of the testes, ovaries, or adrenal glands.
* Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH): A genetic disorder affecting hormone production.
* Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder primarily affecting women.
* Certain medications: Anabolic steroids, for example.
If you suspect you have high testosterone, you should consult a doctor. They can perform blood tests to determine your testosterone levels and conduct further investigations to identify the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. Self-treating is not recommended.