Vowels:
* Front:
* /i/ (beet)
* /ɪ/ (bit)
* /e/ (bait)
* /ɛ/ (bet)
* /æ/ (bat)
* /a/ (father - in some dialects)
* Central:
* /ə/ (about - schwa)
* /ʌ/ (but)
* /ɜː/ (bird - in some dialects)
* Back:
* /u/ (boot)
* /ʊ/ (put)
* /ɔ/ (caught - in some dialects)
* /ɑː/ (father - in some dialects)
* /ɒ/ (lot - in some dialects)
Consonants:
* Plosives (Stops):
* /p/ (pen)
* /b/ (ben)
* /t/ (ten)
* /d/ (den)
* /k/ (ken)
* /ɡ/ (gen)
* Fricatives:
* /f/ (fin)
* /v/ (vin)
* /θ/ (thin)
* /ð/ (this)
* /s/ (sin)
* /z/ (zin)
* /ʃ/ (shin)
* /ʒ/ (measure)
* /h/ (hin)
* Affricates:
* /tʃ/ (chin)
* /dʒ/ (gin)
* Nasals:
* /m/ (man)
* /n/ (nan)
* /ŋ/ (sing)
* Approximants:
* /l/ (lip)
* /r/ (rip - varies greatly across languages)
* /j/ (yes)
* /w/ (win)
Diacritics (symbols added to modify a sound):
* Length: ː (lengthens the preceding vowel)
* Stress: ˈ (primary stress), ˌ (secondary stress)
* Aspiration: ʰ (aspirated consonant, like the /p/ in "pin")
This is not exhaustive, but it covers many common sounds in English and other languages. For a complete list, you should consult a comprehensive IPA chart, readily available online. Searching for "IPA chart" will yield many excellent results. Remember that the realization of these sounds can vary significantly based on context and dialect.