What was the reform school created by?

Reform schools weren't created by a single person or entity. Their development was a gradual process driven by evolving societal attitudes towards juvenile delinquency and punishment, influenced by various reformers and institutions. The concept emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries, with influences from:

* The Enlightenment: Philosophers emphasized reason and human improvement, leading to questioning of harsh punishments for children.

* Religious organizations: Many early reform schools had religious affiliations, aiming to instill morality and discipline.

* Philanthropic groups: Individuals and organizations concerned with social reform played a crucial role in establishing and supporting these institutions.

* State governments: As the need for organized systems to address juvenile crime grew, state governments increasingly took on the responsibility of creating and funding reform schools.

There wasn't a single "creator," but rather a confluence of social, philosophical, and political factors that led to their rise.