Before beginning an experiment, review the steps of the scientific method with students. The basic steps remain constant, even at the college level. These include: form a question, state a hypothesis, make a prediction, test the hypothesis, analyze the results and make conclusions. In earlier education settings such as elementary or junior high schools, further explanation is given, and sometimes additional steps are added for clarification.
Provide students with several types of paper of varying thicknesses, textures and glossiness. Instruct students to create a basic paper airplane of an agreed-upon, simple design, so that all students create the same airplane type. Require that students use the scientific method to determine which type of paper creates an airplane that stays in flight longest.
Provide students with identical white paper and three different colors of gelatin in two different brands for each color. Students also need water, paintbrushes, a spoon and bowls. Instruct students to mix each of the gelatin powders in a different bowl with 1/2 cup water. Instruct students to use the scientific method to determine which gelatin solution will most intensely dye the paper. Students use paintbrushes to dye the paper with the solutions.
On a sunny day or with a bright lamp available, provide students with several 3- to 5-ounce cups and glasses of various colors and materials. They will also need water and thermometers. Include plastic, glass and metal cups as well as clear, bright and dull colors. Instruct students to pour 2 oz. water in each cup. Have students use the scientific method to determine which cup will have the highest water temperature after 30 minutes in bright sunlight or direct lamplight.