Here's what characterizes these classrooms:
* Low student-to-teacher ratio: These classrooms typically have a much smaller student-to-teacher ratio than general education classrooms, often 1:1 or 1:2, to allow for intensive, personalized instruction and support. This might also include additional support staff like paraprofessionals.
* Individualized Education Programs (IEPs): Each student has a highly individualized IEP that outlines their specific learning goals, accommodations, and modifications. These plans are extremely detailed and frequently updated based on student progress.
* Focus on functional skills: The curriculum focuses heavily on functional skills that will help students achieve greater independence in daily living. This might include things like communication skills (augmentative and alternative communication), self-help skills (feeding, dressing, toileting), mobility skills, and basic life skills. Academic instruction may be heavily adapted or focused on life skills application.
* Assistive technology: Students may use a wide range of assistive technologies to help them access learning and communicate, including adaptive equipment, augmentative and alternative communication devices (AAC), specialized computer software, and mobility aids.
* Specialized therapies: Students in these classrooms often receive integrated therapies such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy as part of their educational program. These therapies are designed to improve physical function, fine motor skills, and communication.
* Emphasis on communication: Even for students who do not have verbal communication, there's a huge focus on developing alternative communication methods so the student can interact and express their needs and wants.
* Collaboration: These classrooms often involve close collaboration between teachers, therapists, parents, and other support staff to ensure the student receives comprehensive support.
It's important to note that the specific services and supports provided in a severe and/or profound disabilities classroom will vary depending on the individual needs of the students enrolled. The goal is always to maximize each student's potential for independence and participation in their community.