Convergent boundaries are where two plates are converging, or moving closer to each other. There are three types of convergent boundaries; oceanic-continental, oceanic-oceanic and continental-continental.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate converge, the denser oceanic plate is subducted beneath the lighter continental plate. This causes the continental plate to shift upward. Mountain ranges and volcanoes can be the result of this type of boundary. Occasionally as the subducting plate breaks apart, pieces become stuck and the plates stop moving. As pressure builds, the plates break free and move suddenly. This sudden movement causes an earthquake.
When two oceanic plates converge on each other, the older, denser plate subducts beneath the younger, less dense plate. The resulting action is usually a trench that forms deep on the bottom of the ocean. The Mariana Trench is a result of an oceanic-oceanic boundary. This trench is the deepest location on Earth at 36,201 feet deep.
When two continental plates converge they tend to buckle and push up or to the side instead of subducting. Because continental plates are light neither one is dense enough to go below the other. The result produces mountain ranges. India has been colliding with the rest of Asia for millions of years. The Himalayan Mountain range is the result of that collision. Each year the Himalayas get taller; Mount Everest in particular gets 2 inches taller each year.