Academic Factors:
* Poor academic performance: Failing grades, low GPA, and difficulty with coursework significantly increase the risk.
* Retention/Grade repetition: Having to repeat a grade can lead to discouragement and feelings of inadequacy.
* Lack of engagement: Students who are disengaged from school, don't participate in class, or feel alienated are at greater risk.
* Learning disabilities or special needs: Students with undiagnosed or unsupported learning differences may struggle to keep up.
* Lack of access to necessary resources: This includes things like tutoring, special education services, and appropriate technology.
Social and Emotional Factors:
* Poverty and economic hardship: Financial struggles at home can lead to stress, absenteeism, and the need to work instead of attending school.
* Lack of parental or family support: A lack of parental involvement, unstable home environment, or family conflict can negatively impact a student's academic success.
* Mental health issues: Depression, anxiety, and other mental health challenges can significantly affect a student's ability to attend and succeed in school.
* Substance abuse: Drug and alcohol use can severely disrupt a student's life and ability to focus on school.
* Feeling disconnected or alienated: Students who feel like they don't belong or are not accepted by their peers are more likely to drop out.
* Experiences of trauma or abuse: Exposure to violence, abuse, or neglect can have a profound impact on a student's well-being and academic performance.
* Pregnancy or parenting: Becoming a parent while in high school presents significant challenges that can lead to dropping out.
School-Related Factors:
* Large class sizes: Students in large classes may receive less individual attention and support.
* Lack of supportive relationships with teachers and staff: Positive relationships with adults at school can be crucial for student success.
* School climate and safety: Schools with high rates of violence, bullying, or harassment create an environment that is not conducive to learning.
* Lack of relevant and engaging curriculum: A curriculum that doesn't feel relevant or interesting to students can lead to disengagement.
It's important to note that these are risk factors, not deterministic factors. Many students who experience some of these challenges successfully graduate high school. Early intervention, support services, and a strong, supportive school environment can significantly reduce the risk of dropping out.