Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds in a line of poetry or prose.
Example: "The silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain" (Edgar Allan Poe, "The Raven")
Consonance: The repetition of consonant sounds in a line of poetry or prose.
Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers"
Anaphora: The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.
Example: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills" (Winston Churchill, "We Shall Fight on the Beaches")
Epiphora: The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences.
Example: "I came, I saw, I conquered" (Julius Caesar)
Parallelism: The use of similar grammatical structures in successive clauses or sentences.
Example: "He was a man of the people, a man of the land, a man of the sea"
Chiasmus: A figure of speech in which the order of words in the first part of a sentence is reversed in the second part.
Example: "Ask not what your country can do for you, but rather what you can do for your country" (John F. Kennedy)