Young botanists investigate plants in the fourth grade -- both how they grow and how they decompose. One interesting project identifies the fastest rotting fruit. A student places a selection of fruits in a secure, dry place for several weeks and records his observations. The finished project displays the decomposed fruits as well as the student's observations. Another approach investigates whether plants grow toward a light source. A student exposes plants to light from different angles with simple shading techniques. The student records all findings and jazzes up the resulting presentation with the plants that were observed.
Fourth graders study the formation and uses of rocks and minerals. In one science fair project, a student collects rocks from the local area and classifies them according to type -- igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Once the rocks are classified, the student researches what the rocks reveal about formation of the local environment. Another science fair project investigates the use of rocks. A student records the various ways rocks are used in the local environment, such as in roads, buildings and walls. The student then draws conclusions about the usefulness of mineral resources.
The study of ecosystems and species characteristics form a key part of the fourth grade science curriculum. For the avid dog lover, consider a project that focuses on the characteristics of neighborhood dogs. A student photographs and then records pertinent data about the dogs, such as color, coat texture and size. This study reveals the many variations within the species. A fourth-grade pet lover may also enjoy a project involving the ecosystem of an aquarium. The student observes an aquarium for a period of time to discover how aquarium plants and animals are interdependent. This project reveals the relationships of organisms within an ecosystem.
Fourth graders learn about the scientific method through observation and investigation. One science fair project involves classifying the clouds overhead. For a period of time, the student photographs cloud formations. She classifies the cloud types with help from a book or an online field guide while keeping a record of local weather conditions she observes. The photographs provide a colorful display, and the student concludes how cloud formations correspond to weather patterns. Another project investigates the moon's phases through experimentation with a model. With a foam ball, a cardboard box with a viewing slot and a flashlight, the student simulates of the phases of the moon. The simulation box offers strong visual interest for the finished project.