When introducing the concept, it might be helpful for students to visualize the three branches of government as if they were on an actual tree. As a class or individually, students can help create a tree model that has one tree branch for each branch of government. On each branch, students can draw limbs that detail the different duties of each branch. Students can also draw leaves on the limbs for different members of these branches. You can label the trunk of the tree "Government" so it is easy for students to understand.
In the classroom, playing games is an effective way to reach students. For this lesson plan, educational games can be a strong learning tool. To play, give the students three cards, each labeled with one of the branches of the government. The instructor reads a duty or individual's name aloud and students hold up their cards to match the branch with the information. The student with the most correct answers could win a small prize such as a toy or candy.
Students can also perform the branches of government as a class. This allows the children to better visualize the process so they can understand how each branch works alongside one another. For example, show the route a bill takes before it can become a law in respect to how it is processed by each branch. You can use current events for inspiration so long as the subject matter is appropriate for the grade level.
Elections are a helpful way to demonstrate the different branches of government. Students can draw out of a hat the names of positions within each branch and then "run for office" based on the duties of the positions. For each candidate, emphasize how the position fits into the three branches of government. For example, the student who draws the job of "President" has to explain why this role is needed in the executive branch specifically. Students likely need guidance through this exercise, so be available to answer questions.