Buffalo provided not only meat but also materials for the Plains Indians to make clothing, cups and their tipi covers. Teach children about this aspect of Native American life by having them read a book such as "People of the Buffalo." Students can then work in groups to collaborate on ways they could use all parts of the buffalo, thereby recognizing the importance of the animal. Likewise, present the oral storytelling tradition by reciting a myth. It could be about a buffalo robe, for example. Let students touch real buffalo hide, then create a story using symbols and pictograms in the American Indian style. This type of lesson teaches children about the cultures and customs of the Plains Indians.
To follow the roving herds of buffalo, Plains Indians developed a nomadic lifestyle. Their dwellings consisted of tipis constructed of buffalo or deer hide. Show children pictures of tipis, as well as diagrams explaining how to construct them. Have them discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the shelter it provides, reminding them to keep in mind the Plains Indians' lifestyle. Allow students to construct a tipi using materials that are as authentic as possible, then encourage them to evaluate its function and necessity. As a followup, they can write or discuss their reflections on Plains Indians' dwellings.
Most of the Plains Indians' lifestyle revolved around work. Men fostered boys' bravery so they could contribute to the tribe in hunting and in battle. Women took care of the daily chores including pitching the tipi, cooking and caring for the children. Have students construct a diorama of one aspect of Plains' Indians' daily life that they will then present to the class. Allow them to experience part of that lifestyle themselves by learning to make traditional food such as succotash or pemmican. As a culminating activity, especially for older children, have them collaborate to create their own board games related to Plains' Indians' lifestyle. The diorama and board game both serve as possible unit assessments.
Plains Indians decorate functional pieces as art. The Western Sioux in particular developed beadwork to a high level, creating elaborate ceremonial clothing. Show students pictures of Indian beadwork at its finest. Teach them how to make a simple necklace either by demonstrating yourself or showing a video. You can then allow them to plan and make their own necklaces as a culminating activity. Another form of crafted art includes weaving, at which the Navajo excel. Show a video of a woman weaving, as well as pictures of completed Navajo rugs. Draw students' attention to the patterns and lead them in a discussion of how they were created and why such patterns were chosen. Allow students to design their own rugs, drawing patterns and symbols that have meaning to them.