1. Placement: The abstract page is the second page of your paper. The title appears at the top, centered, just as it does on the title page, but without the running head.
2. Heading: The word "Abstract" is centered and appears at the top of the page, in bold, without a separate title page.
3. Text:
* Spacing: The abstract is double-spaced.
* Font: Use the same font as the rest of your paper (usually Times New Roman, 12-point).
* Length: The length of the abstract depends on the requirements of your assignment or publication. Common lengths are 150-250 words, but always adhere to specific instructions.
* Content: The abstract should concisely summarize the main points of your paper, including the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. It should be a self-contained unit, meaning it should be understandable without reading the rest of the paper. Avoid jargon, abbreviations, and citations (unless absolutely necessary). Write it in the past tense (unless discussing implications for future research). It should be factual and objective.
* Paragraph: The abstract is usually a single paragraph.
4. Pagination: The page number appears in the upper right-hand corner, consistent with the rest of your paper. This is page number 2.
5. No indentation: The abstract paragraph is not indented.
In short: The abstract page is a clean, double-spaced page with the word "Abstract" centered and bolded at the top, followed by a concise summary of your paper. Follow length requirements carefully. Keep it factual, objective and free of jargon, citations and unnecessary abbreviations.