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Titration Procedures

Titrations are scientific experiments used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. You can determine whether the solution is acidic or basic by using litmus paper. The redder the paper turns the more acidic the solution is and the bluer it turns the more basic it is. Based on the pH of the solution you can determine which indicator solution you should use and what type of solution you need to balance out the unknown solution.
  1. Preparation

    • If you have an unknown acidic solution you need a basic solution that you know the concentration of and if you have an unknown basic solution you need an acidic solution. To set up the titration pour the unknown solution into a beaker and record the volume. Then add a few drops of the indicator solution. Set up the burette above the beaker, fill it with the known solution, and record the volume.

    Procedures

    • Turn the valve on the burette just enough to let the solution drip into the beaker. When the indicator changes colors to show the reaction is complete, stop the burette from releasing any more of the solution. For example, phenolphthalein will turn the solution from colorless to pink when the reaction is complete. Determine how much of the known solution has been used by subtracting the volume remaining in the burette from the amount that was in the burette at the start of the experiment.

    Calculating the Results

    • Multiply the volume of the known solution used by its concentration. For example, if you used 35 milliliters of a 1.7M solution, you would multiply 35 by 1.7 to get 59.5. Then divide this value by the volume of the unknown solution that was in the beaker to start the experiment. For example, if you started with 25 milliliters of the unknown solution, you would divide 59.5 by 25 to get 2.38, meaning the concentration of the unknown solution is 2.38M.

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