Types of Grasshoppers in Texas

Members of the suborder Caelifera, grasshoppers are insects considered an agricultural plague. Like other insects, grasshoppers pass through several development stages or metamorphosis before reaching the adult size. Some species change color and behavior when forming swarms and are then called locusts. In Texas, about 150 species of grasshoppers are found, including members of the genera Arphia, Alaucara, Melanoplus, Spharagemon, Xanthippus, Dissosteira and Trimerotropis.
  1. Arphia, Alaucara and Chortophaga

    • The - (Arphia conspersa) and the red-winged (Arphia pseudonietana) grasshoppers are found in western areas of Texas. Both species are gray and have red to pink wings, which are brighter in A. pseudonietana. In the genus Aulocara, the bigheaded grasshopper (A. elliotti) is a serious agricultural pest and a large species, with females twice as big as males. Widely spread in Texas, especially in Eastern areas, the green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata) is easily identifiable for its bright green color.

    Melanopus

    • Widely spread in North America, the genus Melanopus has many species living in Texas, including the dark-green two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus); the striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus); the migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes); Packard's grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), which has long and strong wings; lakin grasshopper (Melanoplus lakinus), only found in western Texas; the red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum) and the narrowwinged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), found in central and northern Texas.

    Spharagemon and Xanthippus

    • The red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes) has wings extended beyond the abdomen, showing gray to silver color, sometimes with white patterns. In the genus Spharagemon, the species mottled sand grasshopper (S. collare) and orange-legged grasshopper (S. equale) are only found in northwestern areas of Texas and are not considered an important threat to farms.

    Dissosteira and Trimerotropis

    • Widely spread in the southwestern states, the pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis) has a gray to tan body, and black and white wings. It inhabits semidesert and desert areas. Two species of the genus Dissosteria live in Texas: Carolina grasshopper (D. carolina) and the high plains grasshopper (D.longipennis), a strong migratory flier, which is easily found in northwestern areas.

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