Lithium batteries contain toxic materials, which is why they need to be disposed at special locations instead of in landfills. Alkaline batteries, on the other hand, contain no toxic materials; they can be disposed in landfills and not pose a threat to the environment.
Lithium batteries can last for three times as long as alkaline batteries, according to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Alkaline batteries operate at 1.5 volts, while lithium batteries operate at 1.75 volts. Lithium batteries perform much better than alkaline batteries in digital cameras and other high-drain devices. Lithium batteries are associated with a higher initial purchase price than alkaline batteries.
Alkaline batteries usually employ potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide as their electrolyte component, according to the NCJRS. Lithium batteries use lithium salts as their electrolyte. According to Battery Guide, alkaline batteries may explode if you attempt to recharge them.