Key characteristics include:
* Teacher as the primary source of information: The teacher is the main presenter of knowledge and skills.
* Structured lesson plans: Lessons are organized with clear objectives, procedures, and assessments.
* Direct instruction: Information is explicitly taught, often through lectures, demonstrations, or guided practice.
* Controlled environment: The teacher manages the classroom environment and student behavior to maximize learning.
* Limited student autonomy: Student choices are often limited to responding to teacher prompts or completing assigned tasks.
* Frequent assessments: Teacher monitors student learning through various methods (e.g., questioning, quizzes, observation).
Teacher-directed activity is not inherently good or bad; its effectiveness depends on various factors, including the age and learning styles of students, the subject matter, and the teacher's skill in engaging students despite the structure. It's often most appropriate for introducing new concepts or skills, providing foundational knowledge, or ensuring all students understand key information. It's often used in conjunction with other approaches like student-centered activities to create a balanced learning experience.