* The "gods from the machine" motif: The Martians, with their advanced technology and seemingly unstoppable power, resemble the Olympian gods who intervened in human affairs in Greek myths. This is further reinforced by the initial terror and awe that they inspire in the human characters, mirroring the fear and reverence felt towards the Olympian deities.
* The fall of Troy: The Martians' destruction of London and other cities echoes the sacking of Troy by the Greeks. Both events depict the downfall of a powerful civilization at the hands of a superior force, leaving behind devastation and chaos.
* The monstrous nature of the Martians: The Martians' grotesque appearance and ruthless behavior aligns them with monstrous figures in Greek mythology like the Cyclops or the Gorgons. Their alien nature and lack of empathy further resemble monstrous beings who were often depicted as threats to humanity.
* The struggle against the impossible: The human characters' desperate fight against the Martians, despite their overwhelming power, reflects the heroic struggles of Greek heroes against impossible odds, like Heracles battling the Nemean lion or Perseus defeating Medusa. This emphasizes the theme of human resilience and the enduring spirit even in the face of overwhelming adversity.
While these are not direct allusions, they contribute to the novel's thematic resonance and offer a deeper understanding of Wells's portrayal of the Martians and their impact on human society.