* Mathematics: Essential for the physics and engineering involved in spaceflight.
* Physics: Fundamental understanding of the principles governing space travel.
* Chemistry: Helpful for understanding materials science and life support systems.
* Biology: Beneficial, especially for understanding human physiology in space.
While not always strictly *required*, strong grades in other subjects like:
* Computer Science: Increasingly important for data analysis and spacecraft operation.
* Further Mathematics: Shows advanced mathematical aptitude, beneficial but not always mandatory.
will significantly strengthen your application.
Ultimately, having a strong academic record showcasing aptitude in STEM subjects at GCSE level is important, but it's only the *first step*. Astronauts need advanced degrees (usually Masters or PhD) in relevant fields like aerospace engineering, astrophysics, or related disciplines. Extensive experience in their chosen field and other skills such as piloting experience, leadership abilities, and excellent physical and mental health are also paramount.