* Early private tutoring: He received a solid grounding in basic subjects from private tutors in Stockholm and St. Petersburg.
* Extensive travel and practical experience: Nobel's father, Immanuel Nobel, was an inventor and engineer, and Alfred accompanied him on his various engineering projects and travels, gaining significant practical experience in engineering and chemistry. This hands-on learning was arguably as important, if not more so, than any formal schooling.
* Independent study: Nobel was an avid reader and self-learner, studying chemistry, physics, and languages extensively on his own. He remained a voracious reader throughout his life, and this self-directed learning played a crucial role in his scientific advancements.
In short, while he lacked a traditional university degree, Nobel's education was exceptionally broad and intensive, combining practical experience, private tutoring, and independent study to build a strong foundation in science and engineering.