In an expository essay, a student is asked to explore a particular subject, idea or facts surrounding an event and put forth an argument or perspective. Comparisons of different viewpoints and analysis of the central arguments are common. A student might write an essay on the benefits of joining a college fraternity. In the essay, he would typically convey common arguments for and against a fraternity and then explain why the positives outweigh the drawbacks.
One major element of an expository essay that is not as standard in a reflective essay is a thesis statement. A thesis is a sentence in the opening paragraph that states the writer's general premise or perspective. In the essay on joining a fraternity, for example, a thesis statement would be "Though time-intensive and costly, fraternities are a great investment for active members." The rest of the article provides details and support for the thesis. It usually has a conclusion that ties together the key points.
In a reflective essay, the writer reflects about personal experiences. Though the basic format is similar to an expository essay, the content outlines personal experiences and relevant insights. A common first assignment in a fall English class is to write about summer experiences. The opening paragraph of the reflective essay states the purpose and the nature of the experience rather than a general overview of the subject matter. The remaining content introduces milestones or an event timeline, with the writer's thoughts or reflections along with the way.
The two principle elements distinct in a reflective essay are the personal insights and the communication of future goals. Once the writer lays out up-to-date experiences and reflections, he sets forth a forward-looking goal. This element usually comes in the conclusion. The primary point of the writing process is to allow the writer to explore experiences, reflect on them and use the experience to make better decisions or to identify a preferred path.