Can you get Ph.D having with a one year master degree in Australia?

No, it's highly unusual and practically impossible to get a PhD in Australia (or anywhere else) directly after a one-year master's degree. PhD programs require a significant depth of knowledge and research experience, which a one-year master's program typically doesn't provide. Most Australian universities require a substantial research component in a master's degree (often a coursework *and* research master's, spanning 1.5-2 years) or a strong equivalent honours degree (typically 4 years of undergraduate study including a substantial research thesis) before considering a candidate for a PhD.