Reef invertebrates, such as coral, require calcium and magnesium. Low levels of alkalinity affect the growth and development of the organisms in the marine system. High levels of alkalinity can lead to calcium precipitation and undesired scale formation in the system. Use calcium to ensure the proper amount of calcium in the water.
Low alkalinity in swimming pools may lead to problems like etching of plaster and tile grouting. High calcium and magnesium may lead to corrosion of metallic parts. Scale formation may stain the pool's surface. High alkalinity can cause cloudy water due to too much calcium and magnesium, as well as algae growth. Mineral salts can also irritate the skin and eyes.
High levels of alkalinity may lead to trace element deficiencies in crops and plants. It can also clog pesticide sprayer nozzles and drip tube irrigation systems.
Highly alkaline water containing high amounts of calcium and magnesium salts could lead to kidney and bladder stones. Highly alkaline water can be alkali in taste and not suitable for drinking.