In-text: The impact of the Industrial Revolution on urban populations was profound.¹
Footnote:
¹ E. P. Thompson, *The Making of the English Working Class* (London: Victor Gollancz, 1963), 345-47.
Explanation:
* Superscript number: The footnote number (¹) is a superscript, placed after the punctuation mark at the end of the sentence.
* Author's last name, first initial (or full name if there's no ambiguity): "E. P. Thompson"
* Title of the work (italicized): "*The Making of the English Working Class*"
* Place of publication: "London"
* Publisher: "Victor Gollancz"
* Year of publication: "1963"
* Page numbers: "345-47" (Use an en dash — not a hyphen – between page numbers)
Important Considerations:
* Subsequent Citations: If you cite the same source again, you can use a shortened form in subsequent footnotes, such as:
¹ Thompson, *Making of the English Working Class*, 345-47.
² Ibid. (This means "in the same place" and is used only if the citation immediately preceding it is the same.)
³ Thompson, *Making of the English Working Class*, 378.
* Multiple Authors: List authors in the order they appear on the title page, separated by commas, with the last author's name preceded by "and".
* Editors: If citing an edited work, include "ed." or "eds." after the editor's name(s) before the comma. For example:
¹ Jane Doe and John Smith, eds., *The Anthology of Interesting Things*, (New York: Random House, 2024), 12-15.
* Online Sources: Include URLs and access dates for online sources. The specific formatting of URLs can vary slightly depending on the style guide, but consistency is key.
Remember to consult the most recent edition of *The Chicago Manual of Style* for the most up-to-date and comprehensive guidelines. The examples above are for illustrative purposes and may need adjustments based on your specific source material.