Here's a breakdown:
* 500s: Pure Science
* 590s: Zoology (the study of animals)
Within the 590s, you'll find more specific categories:
* 590: General Zoology
* 591: Animal Ecology and Behavior
* 592: Invertebrates
* 593: Protochordates
* 594: Fishes
* 595: Mollusks
* 596: Amphibians and Reptiles
* 597: Fishes
* 598: Birds
* 599: Mammals
So, if you're looking for a book about penguins, you'd likely find it in the 598s. If you're looking for a book about insects, you'd find it in the 592s.