- Darwin Medal of the Royal Society of London (1964)
- National Medal of Science (1970)
- Balzan Prize for Evolutionary Biology (1983)
- Crafoord Prize in Biosciences (1989)
- Kyoto Prize in Basic Sciences (1994)
- Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London (1998)
- Sewall Wright Award of the American Society of Naturalists (2001)