Condé was born in Boké, Guinea, and studied at the Sorbonne in Paris, where he became involved in politics. He returned to Guinea in 1975 and was imprisoned by the government of Ahmed Sékou Touré. After Touré's death in 1984, Condé was released from prison and went into exile in France.
In 1991, Condé returned to Guinea and founded the RPG. He ran for president in 1993 and 1998, but was defeated both times by Lansana Conté.
After Conté's death in 2008, the military took control of the country. Condé returned to Guinea and was elected president in 2010. He was re-elected in 2015.
Condé's presidency was marked by a number of challenges, including political instability, economic problems, and human rights abuses. In 2018, he was accused of electoral fraud after he won a third term in office. The electoral process was marred by irregularities, and the opposition disputed the results.
In September 2021, Condé was overthrown in a military coup. The coup leaders accused him of corruption, human rights abuses, and violating the constitution. Condé was arrested and held in detention.
In January 2023, Condé was sentenced to life in prison by a Guinean court. He was found guilty of murder, attempted murder, torture, arbitrary arrest, and kidnapping. Condé's lawyers have appealed the verdict, and he is currently awaiting a trial on appeal.