Here's why:
* Emphasis on Single Effect: Poe famously championed the idea of a short story having a singular, unified effect, focusing all elements towards that goal. This concept was a departure from earlier, more episodic forms of storytelling.
* Focus on Atmosphere and Symbolism: Poe's stories often used vivid imagery, symbolism, and atmosphere to create a specific mood and impact the reader's emotions. This approach further refined the short story as a distinct genre.
* Use of the Unexpected: Poe's stories frequently employed surprise endings and unexpected twists, adding suspense and intrigue. This use of the unexpected became a hallmark of the genre.
Other Notable Contributors:
* Guy de Maupassant: Known for his realistic portrayals of everyday life and sharp social commentary, Maupassant further honed the art of the short story.
* Anton Chekhov: Emphasizing character development and subtle irony, Chekhov's stories are considered masterpieces of the genre.
* Henry James: Exploring psychological complexity and the intricacies of human relationships, James significantly contributed to the development of the literary short story.
While these writers, along with many others, contributed to the evolution of the short story form, Edgar Allan Poe is widely recognized for his pioneering role in defining its key elements and establishing it as a distinct genre.