* Early writing systems: Writing systems developed independently in different parts of the world at different times. Some of the earliest known examples are from Mesopotamia, Egypt, and China, all dating back thousands of years.
* Preservation of early texts: Many early written records have been lost or destroyed over time, making it difficult to trace the origins of writing and authorship.
* Definition of "author": The concept of authorship, as we understand it today, may not have existed in early civilizations. Many texts were likely passed down orally or written by scribes working on behalf of a ruler or other authority figure.
However, we can point to some early figures who are credited with significant literary achievements:
* Enheduanna: A Mesopotamian priestess and poet who is considered the first known author by name. She lived in the 23rd century BCE and wrote hymns and prayers to the goddess Inanna.
* Homer: A legendary Greek poet, traditionally credited with writing the epic poems *The Iliad* and *The Odyssey*, although his existence and authorship are debated by scholars.
* The authors of the Epic of Gilgamesh: This Mesopotamian epic poem is one of the earliest known works of literature, dating back to the 3rd millennium BCE. While the authorship is unknown, it is considered a pivotal work in the history of writing.
Ultimately, determining the "first author" is a complex question with no definitive answer. However, the study of early writing and literature provides valuable insights into the development of human communication and storytelling.