* To retain their privacy: Pen names can be used to protect an author's personal life, especially if they write about controversial topics or lead a private lifestyle.
* To experiment with different writing styles: Authors may adopt different pen names to experiment with different writing styles or genres. This allows them to explore different aspects of their creativity without sacrificing their original identity.
* To target specific audiences: Some writers use pen names to target specific audiences or genres. This helps them tailor their writing style and content to the interests of a particular reader base.
* To create a distinct persona: Authors may use pen names to create a distinct persona or character for their writing. This persona can be used to embody a specific viewpoint, philosophy, or perspective.
* To avoid confusion with other authors: In cases where authors share similar names, pen names can be used to prevent confusion among readers and publishing houses.
It's important to note that the use of pen names is not just limited to Japanese writers, but is a common practice among writers worldwide.