Here are some general rules and examples:
* Direct Quotes: The citation appears after the closing quotation mark but before the period.
* Example: "The study found that 'students who participated in regular exercise showed significant improvements in academic performance' (Smith, 2022)."
* Paraphrased or Summarized Information: The citation appears at the end of the sentence or at the end of the paragraph if the entire paragraph is based on the same source.
* Example: A recent study found that exercise can improve academic performance (Smith, 2022).
Note:
* The exact format of the citation within the parentheses will depend on the style guide you are using (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
* You should be consistent with your citation style throughout your paper.
Let me know if you need more information about specific citation styles.