Classical Period (before 1000 CE):
* Li Bai (李白, 701-762): Often called the "Immortal Poet," Li Bai is renowned for his romantic, unrestrained style, vivid imagery, and use of Taoist themes. He's incredibly prolific and his poems are widely loved for their spontaneity and lyrical beauty.
* Du Fu (杜甫, 712-770): Known as the "Poet Sage," Du Fu's work is characterized by its realism, social commentary, and profound understanding of human suffering. He witnessed and documented the An Lushan Rebellion, making his poems valuable historical records as well as artistic masterpieces. His style is more formal and intricate than Li Bai's.
* Wang Wei (王維, 699-761): A master of both poetry and painting, Wang Wei is celebrated for his serene and evocative landscapes. His poems often blend natural imagery with Buddhist philosophy, creating a sense of tranquility and spiritual depth.
* Tao Yuanming (陶淵明, 365-427): Also known as Tao Qian, he's celebrated for his idyllic poems about nature and simple life, often reflecting a rejection of officialdom and a preference for rustic simplicity. He's considered a foundational figure in Chinese pastoral poetry.
Tang Dynasty (618-907): While Li Bai, Du Fu, and Wang Wei dominate, many other significant Tang poets exist, including:
* Bai Juyi (白居易, 772-846): Known for his accessible and emotionally resonant poems, often focusing on everyday life and social issues. He aimed for clarity and widespread understanding, contrasting with some of the more esoteric styles.
Song Dynasty (960-1279):
* Su Shi (蘇軾, 1037-1101): Also known as Su Dongpo, he was a brilliant essayist, calligrapher, and painter, but his poetry is equally admired for its wit, depth, and masterful control of language. His style is highly regarded for its originality and strength.
* Li Qingzhao (李清照, 1084-1155): One of the greatest female poets in Chinese history, Li Qingzhao is known for her graceful and refined style, often expressing themes of love, loss, and the passage of time. Her work is renowned for its delicate beauty and emotional intensity.
This is not an exhaustive list, and many other outstanding Chinese poets could be mentioned. The relative "greatness" of these poets is a matter of ongoing discussion and appreciation, influenced by differing critical perspectives and evolving cultural values. However, these poets consistently appear in scholarly discussions and anthologies as major figures shaping Chinese poetic tradition.