Form and Structure:
* Stanza: A group of lines forming a unit in a poem, often set apart by a space.
* Line: A single row of words in a poem.
* Rhyme: The repetition of similar sounds, usually at the ends of lines (e.g., cat, hat, bat).
* End rhyme: Rhymes at the end of lines.
* Internal rhyme: Rhymes within a line.
* Meter: The rhythmical pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry.
* Iambic pentameter: A common meter in English poetry, consisting of five pairs of unstressed and stressed syllables per line.
* Free verse: Poetry that does not follow a strict rhyme or meter pattern.
* Form: The overall structure of the poem, which can be traditional (like sonnets, haikus, or limericks) or unconventional.
Sound Devices:
* Alliteration: Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words (e.g., Peter Piper picked a peck).
* Assonance: Repetition of vowel sounds within words (e.g., the rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain).
* Consonance: Repetition of consonant sounds within words (e.g., the silken sad uncertain rustling).
* Onomatopoeia: Words that imitate the sounds they describe (e.g., buzz, hiss, bang).
Imagery and Figurative Language:
* Image: A vivid description that appeals to one or more of the senses (sight, sound, touch, smell, taste).
* Simile: A comparison using "like" or "as" (e.g., The sky is like a canvas).
* Metaphor: A comparison that states one thing is another thing (e.g., The poet is a nightingale).
* Personification: Giving human qualities to non-human things (e.g., The wind whispered secrets).
* Symbolism: An object, person, or event that represents something else (e.g., a rose symbolizing love).
* Allusion: A reference to a well-known person, place, event, or literary work (e.g., She was a modern-day Helen of Troy).
Other Elements:
* Theme: The central idea or message of the poem.
* Tone: The speaker's attitude toward the subject matter.
* Mood: The overall feeling or atmosphere created by the poem.
* Voice: The speaker's distinct personality and perspective.
* Diction: The poet's choice of words, which can be formal or informal, simple or complex.
Remember:
Poetry is a powerful tool for expressing emotions, thoughts, and experiences. By understanding its various elements, you can appreciate the beauty and depth of poetic language.