While the form evolved over time, the earliest recognizable haiku-like poems emerged during the 17th century, in the Edo period, associated with Basho, a prominent haiku master.
While Basho traveled extensively, his most famous haiku often depicted scenes from nature in his home region of Iga (modern-day Mie Prefecture).
However, haiku as a form itself is not limited to any one specific location. It was popularized through the work of many poets from different parts of Japan, and its appreciation continues to transcend geographical boundaries.