What type of poetry contains 3 quatrains and a couplet?

The type of poetry that contains 3 quatrains (four-line stanzas) and a couplet (two-line stanza) is called a sonnet.

There are two main types of sonnets:

* Shakespearean (English) sonnet: This type of sonnet uses a rhyme scheme of ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.

* Petrarchan (Italian) sonnet: This type of sonnet uses a rhyme scheme of ABBAABBA CDECDE or ABBAABBA CDCDCD.

Both types of sonnets follow the same structural pattern of 3 quatrains and a couplet.