2. To highlight the suffering and exploitation of the poor, neglected, and marginalized individuals in the rapidly expanding metropolis.
3. To critique the rapid industrialization and urbanization, which led to the deterioration of human life and the loss of nature's beauty.
4. To convey his concern for the moral and spiritual degradation of society as a result of poverty and social inequality.
5. To criticize the ruling class and the institutions of power, which he viewed as responsible for the misery of the common people.
6. To raise awareness about the need for social and political reforms to improve the lives of the oppressed and vulnerable.
7. To challenge conventional societal norms and inspire readers to reflect on the consequences of indifference toward the suffering of others.
8. To capture the emotional impact of urban poverty through vivid and symbolic imagery, creating a powerful poetic narrative that resonates with readers.