Why in Macbeth does the witches use elements of all these different animals to create?

In the play "Macbeth" by William Shakespeare, the witches use elements of various animals in their witches' brew to create a powerful potion. Each ingredient symbolizes different aspects of the spell they are trying to cast. Here are the animals and their symbolic meanings:

1. Eye of Newt:

- Newts are small amphibians often associated with magic and witchcraft in folklore. Their eyes are believed to possess supernatural powers, enhancing the witches' ability to see into the future and gain hidden knowledge.

2. Toe of Frog:

- Frogs are associated with transformation, fertility, and magic. The use of a frog's toe symbolizes the witches' desire to transform Macbeth's fate and bring about the prophecy they reveal to him.

3. Wool of Bat:

- Bats are nocturnal animals often associated with darkness, secrecy, and the occult. Including bat wool in the brew adds an element of mystery and malevolence to the witches' spell.

4. Tongue of Dog:

- Dogs are typically seen as symbols of loyalty and faithfulness, but the witches use the dog's tongue to represent treachery and deceit. It foreshadows the betrayal and disloyalty that Macbeth experiences from those he trusts.

5. Prick of Thistle:

- Thistles are known for their sharp, prickly spines, which symbolize pain, suffering, and misfortune. The witches use this ingredient to invoke negative consequences for Macbeth's actions.

6. Forked Tongue of Adder:

- Adders are venomous snakes, and their forked tongues symbolize deception and betrayal. This ingredient aligns with the witches' manipulation of Macbeth and the treacherous path he takes throughout the play.

7. Caw of Raven:

- Ravens are commonly associated with death, prophecy, and ill omen. Their presence in the witches' brew adds an element of foreboding and suggests that Macbeth will face dire consequences.

8. Scale of Dragon:

- Dragons are mythical creatures often seen as symbols of power, strength, and magic. The dragon scale represents the potent forces at work within the witches' brew and the extraordinary nature of their spell.

9. Wool of Hare:

- Hares are believed to be timid and cautious animals, but they were also associated with witchcraft and magic in folklore. The witches use hare wool to invoke the cunning and agility required to carry out their supernatural plans.

By combining these animal ingredients, the witches create a powerful and symbolic potion that represents their influence over Macbeth's fate. Each element contributes to the overall atmosphere of mystery, darkness, and the supernatural that permeates the play.