The story doesn't specify a particular state or even a specific time period, but it's generally understood to be set in a traditional, close-knit community where tradition and conformity are highly valued.
The story provides details about the town's setting, such as:
* The town square: Where the lottery takes place.
* The black box: A worn wooden box used to hold the slips of paper with names.
* The schoolhouse: Where the townspeople gather for the lottery.
* The surrounding countryside: The story mentions fields and a "post office" suggesting a small, rural environment.
The lack of specific location emphasizes the universality of the story's themes. The town represents any community where blind adherence to tradition can lead to horrific consequences.